Software for analyzing the probability of collisions of birds with rotors of wind electrical installations

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32919/uesit.2018.04.01

Keywords:

wind farm, wind park, monitoring, ornithology, birds, ecology

Abstract

The program "Birds" has been developed for analyzing the risks of bird collisions with turbines of wind power stations. The mathematical model of the program is based on the recommendations of the Scottish Natural Heritage Foundation. The source database contains the necessary information in relation to the operating conditions of the wind farm "Primorsk-1", which is supposed to be built on the coast of the Azov Sea in the Zaporizhia region. If necessary, the user can enter his own values and get results on the interaction of birds with wind turbine rotors on the following indicators: bird flight time through the rotor space, probability of collision of one individual with the turbine, depending on its flight characteristics and parameters of the wind electrical installation, number of bird collisions at a given time interval. The program was tested using the example of calculating the number of collisions of birds with rotors during one year of operation of the Primorsk-1 wind park. It is shown that the probability of a collision of one bird with the rotor depends little on its geometric dimensions and is in the range of 11-15%. The total number of collisions of all birds on the territory of the wind farm will be 6,4 birds, which corresponds to 0.25 individuals per turbine. Most of this amount (about 4.8) refers to two species: Merops apiaster and Larus ridibundus.

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References

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Scottish Natural Heritage. (2014). Guidance. Recommended bird survey methods to inform impact assessment of onshore wind farms. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/2Sz2wgj.

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Alerstam, T., Rosén, M., Bäckman, J., Ericson, Per G. P., & Hellgren, O. (2007). Flight Speeds among Bird Species: Allometric and Phylogenetic Effects. PLOS Biology, 5 (8): e197. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0050197. (in English)

Band, W. (2000). Windfarms and Birds: Calculating a theoretical collision risk assuming no avoiding action. Guidance note series: Scottish Natural Heritage. Retrieved from https://tethys.pnnl.gov/sites/default/files/publications/Band-2000.pdf. (in English)

Band, W. (2012). Using a collision risk model to assess bird collision risks for offshore windfarms. Retrieved from https://www.bto.org/sites/default/files/u28/downloads/Projects/Final_Report_SOSS02_Band1ModelGuidance.pdf. (in English)

Band, W., Madders, M., & Whitfield, D. P. (2007). Developing Field and Analytical Methods to Assess Avian Collision Risk at Wind Farms. In De Lucas, M., Janss, G. F. E., & Ferrer, M. (Eds.), Birds and Wind Power: risk assessment and mitigation (pp. 259-275). Madrid: Quercus Editions. (in English)

Center for Biological Diversity. (n/d). Fact Sheet on Altamont Pass Bird Kills. San Francisco, CA, USA: Center for Biological Diversity. Retrieved from http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/swcbd/Programs/bdes/altamont/factsheet.pdf.

Curry & Kerlinger. (n/d). What Kills Birds? Retrieved from http://www.currykerlinger.com/studies.htm. (in English)

Erickson, W. P., Johnson, G. D., Stickland, M. D., Young, Jr. D. P., Sernka, K. J., & Good, R. E. (2001). Avian collisions with wind turbines: a summary of existing studies and comparisons to other sources of avian collision mortality in the United States. Washington, D.C.: National Wind Coordinating Committee. Retrieved from https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/822418. (in English)

Furness, R. W. (2015). A review of red-throated diver and great skua avoidance rates at onshore wind farms in Scotland. Scottish Natural Heritage Commissioned Report No. 885. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/2QL3lpL. (in English)

Grünkorn, T., Diederichs, A., Stahl, B., Poszig, D., & Nehls, G. (2005). Entwicklung einer Methode zur Abschätzung des Kollisionsrisikos von Vögeln an Windenergieanlagen. Untersuchungen im Auftrag des Landesamtes für Naturschutz des Landes Schleswig-Holstein. Retrieved from https://www.umweltdaten.landsh.de/nuis/upool/gesamt/wea/voegel_wea.pdf. (in Deutsch)

Janss, G. (2000). Bird Behaviour In and Near a Wind Farm at Tarifa, Spain: Management Considerations. In Proceedings of National Avian-Wind Power Planning Meeting III, San Diego, California, May 1998 (pp. 110–114). Retrieved from https://nationalwind.org/wp-content/uploads/assets/research_meetings/Research_Meeting_III_Proceedings.pdf. (in English)

Jervis, L., McGovern, S., Sweeney, S., & Buisson, R. (2017). Offshore Ornithology – Collision Risk Modelling Report, 4, Annex 4-2. London: Vattenfall Wind Power Ltd. Retrieved from https://corporate.vattenfall.co.uk/globalassets/uk/projects/thanet-ext/peir-nov-2017/volume-4/vol4ann4-2-ornithologycrm.pdf. (in English)

Krijgsveld, K. L., Akershoek, K., Schenk, F., Dijk, F., & Dirksen, S. (2009). Collision risk of birds with modern large wind turbines. Ardea, 97 (3), 357–366. (in English)

Lekuona, J. M., & Ursúa, C. (2007). Avian mortality in wind power plants of Navarra (northern Spain). In De Lucas, M., Janss, G. F. E., & Ferrer, M. (Eds.), Birds and Wind Power: risk assessment and mitigation (pp. 177-192). Madrid: Quercus Editions. Retrieved from http://www.vliz.be/en/imis?module=ref&refid=111975&printversion=1&dropIMIStitle=1. (in English)

Lowther, S. (2000). The European Perspective: Some Lessons from Case Studies. In Proceedings of National Avian-Wind Power Planning Meeting III, San Diego, California, May 1998 (pp. 110–114). Retrieved from https://nationalwind.org/wp-content/uploads/assets/research_meetings/Research_Meeting_III_Proceedings.pdf. (in English)

May, R., Hoel, P. L., Langston, R., Dahl, E. L., Bevanger, K., Reitan, O., Nygård, T., Pedersen, H. C., Røskaft, E., & Stokke, B. G. (2010). Collision risk in white-tailed eagles. Modelling collision risk using vantage point observations in Smøla wind-power plant. NINA Report 639. Retrieved from http://www.nina.no/archive/nina/PppBasePdf/rapport/2010/639.pdf. (in English)

Morinha, F., Travassos, P., Seixas, F., Martins, A., Bastos, R., Carvalho, D., Magalhães, P., Santos, M., Bastos, E., & Cabral, J. A. (2014). Differential mortality of birds killed at wind farms in Northern Portugal. Bird Study, 61 (2), 255-259. DOI: 10.1080/00063657.2014.883357. (in English)

Powlesland, R. G. (2009). Impacts of wind farms on birds: a review. The Terrace Wellington, New Zealand: Publishing Team Department of Conservation. Retrieved from https://www.doc.govt.nz/Documents/science-and-technical/sfc289entire.pdf. ( English)

Scottish Natural Heritage. (2014). Guidance. Recommended bird survey methods to inform impact assessment of onshore wind farms. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/2Sz2wgj. (in English)

Sugimoto, H., & Matsuda, H. (2011). Collision risk of White-fronted geese with wind turbines. Ornithological Science, 10 (1), 61-71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.10.61. (in English)

Winkelman, J. E. (1992). De invloed van de Sep-proefwindcentrale te Oosterbierum (Fr.) op vogels, 1: aanvaringsslachtoffers. RIN-rapport 92/2. Arnhem, Netherlands: DLO-Instituut voor Bos- en Natuuronderzoek. (in Dutch)

Published

2018-12-22

How to Cite

Osadchyi, V., Yeremieiev, V., & Osadcha, K. (2018). Software for analyzing the probability of collisions of birds with rotors of wind electrical installations. Ukrainian Journal of Educational Studies and Information Technology, 6(4), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.32919/uesit.2018.04.01

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